urology
Urological diseases
Urinary system is your body’s cell for excreting urine. Urine, which is a byproduct of the food and liquids we consume, is created by the kidneys during the blood filtration process. This process is carried out by the urinary system including kidneys, ureters and bladder. For adequate urination, the urinary tract must work together in the correct order. Urological conditions include prostate problems, stones in part of the urinary tract, bladder control problems, kidney stones, urinary tract infections.
Reasons why you should see a urologist
blood in veins
If you detect bleeding in your body, see a doctor immediately. If your urine is pale yellow, it is normal, but when it starts to turn brown or pink, there is a possibility that there is blood in the urine. Remember, blood in the veins may be visible to the naked eye.
Sometimes blood in the urine can occur due to temporary problems caused by injury and vigorous exercise, but it usually occurs due to more serious urological diseases such as –
Bladder infection
kidney infection
kidney stone
Kidney, bladder or prostate cancer
Poor bladder control
Inability to control urine can indicate a severe urological problem and if not treated early, it can lead to chronic diseases. Its severity can include leakage of urine when coughing or sneezing and a strong desire to urinate and not being able to go to the bathroom. If this situation continues, you should see a urologist as soon as possible.
painful urination
Painful urination for women usually means that they could have a urinary tract infection, and for men, it means a prostate problem. Some other reasons can include the following:
Gravel
chlamydia
cystitis
Sexually transmitted infections
kidney stone
Inflammation of the prostate
Vaginal Infection
yeast infection

Pain in the lower abdomen, flanks, or groin
Painful urination also indicates kidney stones. When you feel severe pain while urinating, it may be due to stones that move around during urination. Symptoms may include:
Severe pain when standing, lying or sitting
Blood in the urine
Difficulty urinating
Nausea, vomiting, and fever (usually caused by an infection)

Prolapsed bladder
This condition usually affects women and its symptoms include the following:
Tissue protruding from the vagina
Pain in the pelvis
Difficulty urinating
Feeling that your bladder is not empty even after urinating
Leakage of urine during sneezing, coughing
Bladder infection
Painful intercourse
lower back pain
hernia
You may see or feel the bulge caused by the hernia. The bump will be more pronounced when you are standing. Coughing and other pressures cause severe swelling. After confirming the diagnosis, you should undergo urological treatment without any delay.
Some of the common urological diseases that we treat at Mehrgan Hospital include the following:
urinary incontinence
urinary tract infection (UTI)
Prostate Cancer
Bladder Cancer
Bladder Prolapse
hematuria (blood in the urine)
erectile dysfunction (ED)
Interstitial cystitis (also called painful bladder syndrome)
Overactive bladder
Prostatitis (swelling of the prostate gland)
In children, some of the urological conditions we treat include:
Enuresis
The testicle has not descended
Posterior urethral valve
Pelvic urethral junction obstruction

There are many urological diseases that are easier to prevent than to cure. Here are some preventative measures you can take:
Timely treatment of infectious diseases that occur in the body, especially sore throat, sinusitis, gastrointestinal tract and venereal diseases.
Good personal hygiene, especially around the genitals
Wear clothes made from natural fabrics such as cotton and silk to reduce the risk of skin irritation
Avoiding overwork, stress, dehydration
Blood sugar and blood pressure control
Maintaining proper hygiene in your sex life
See a urologist at least twice a year for regular checkups
A nutritious diet that includes plenty of dairy products, carbohydrates, vegetables, fruits, and nuts. Salt consumption should be less and processed food should be avoided at all costs.
Regular walking

Make time for meditation and yoga
sleep well
Avoid OTC pain relievers as much as possible
Complete abstinence from alcohol and smoking
Drink at least two liters of water a day
Lifestyle measures and a healthy diet play an important role in managing urinary disorders.
Diagnosis: What to expect?
Generally, a urologist will start with one or more of the following tests to find out what you have. Most diagnostic tests begin with blood and urine tests.
The doctor may perform imaging tests such as CT scan, MRI, or ultrasound to examine the urinary tract.
Urologists may perform a cystoscopy procedure, which involves inserting a thin instrument called a cystoscope into your body to see inside the urethra and bladder.
A cystogram procedure can allow urologists to take X-rays of the bladder.
To check the speed of urine leaving the body during urination, void residual urine test is performed. It also shows the amount of urine remaining in the bladder after the patient urinates.
A urine sample test can be done to check the presence of bacteria causing infection in the urine.
Effective diagnosis in urology
Initial examination of the patient
This is the initial stage, and the doctor collects medical history and information about the patient’s condition, examines the patient’s physical condition, and makes sure that the organs and lymph nodes are in good condition.

Laboratory examination
These tests include various tests such as blood and urine to ensure the proper condition of the kidney and bladder.

Urodynamic test
This is a modern type of examination and its purpose is to determine the functioning of the urinary system.

Endoscope examinations
The doctor uses a special tool called an endoscope, which allows them to carefully examine the inner surface of the urogenital system.

Ultrasound diagnosis
This method is considered as one of the most effective methods of testing urological diseases. The main advantages include the absence of contraindications and no need to depend on the results of renal function.
Treatment of urinary problems
Urinary problems usually occur when the urinary tract is infected by pathogens such as fungi, viruses, and bacteria. Common urological diseases can usually be treated with antibiotics because they are caused by infection. You should take your medication course to ensure a faster recovery. It is important to keep your body hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids as it will help you feel better. If symptoms don’t go away with medication, there may be an underlying problem, and your urologist may recommend other types of treatment.
Surgical procedures in urology
Urologists are trained to perform various types of surgery, which may include:
Sampling of the bladder, kidneys or prostate
Cystectomy to remove the bladder to treat cancer
Kidney transplant to replace a damaged kidney with a healthy one
A stone breaker with an external shock wave that breaks kidney stones
A way to unblock
Prostatectomy is the removal of all or part of the prostate gland to treat prostate cancer
Repair or reconstruction of poorly formed urinary organs
A chain method for the treatment of urinary incontinence. Here, mesh strips are used to support the urethra and keep it closed.
ureteroscopy to remove stones from the ureters and kidneys
Vasectomy is a method used to prevent pregnancy.
Removal of the urethra from the prostate to remove excess tissue from the enlarged prostate